COPQ 11 LLB COMPUTER BASICS

 COMPUTER SHORTCUT KEYS 1. Basic Windows Keyboard Shortcuts Ctrl + C → Copy Ctrl + X → Cut Ctrl + V → Paste Ctrl + Z → Undo Ctrl + Y → Redo Ctrl + A → Select All Ctrl + S → Save Ctrl + P → Print Ctrl + N → New File Ctrl + O → Open File Ctrl + W → Close Window Alt + Tab → Switch between open applications Alt + F4 → Close active window Windows + D → Show Desktop Windows + L → Lock Screen Windows + R → Open Run dialog box Windows + E → Open File Explorer 2. Microsoft Word Shortcut Keys Ctrl + B → Bold Ctrl + I → Italic Ctrl + U → Underline Ctrl + L → Align Left Ctrl + R → Align Right Ctrl + E → Center Align Ctrl + J → Justify Text Ctrl + Shift + > → Increase Font Size Ctrl + Shift + < → Decrease Font Size Ctrl + Home → Go to Beginning of Document Ctrl + End → Go to End of Document Ctrl + F → Find Ctrl + H → Find and Replace 3. Microsoft Excel Shortcut Keys Ctrl + Shift + "+" → Insert a new row/column Ctrl + "-" → Delete a row/colum...

1. Basic Computer Abbreviations General Components & Hardware CPU – Central Processing Unit → The brain of the computer that processes data. RAM – Random Access Memory → Temporary memory used for processing data. ROM – Read-Only Memory → Stores permanent system firmware (BIOS). HDD – Hard Disk Drive → Permanent data storage using magnetic disks. SSD – Solid State Drive → Faster storage using flash memory instead of spinning disks. ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit → Handles mathematical and logical operations. CU – Control Unit → Manages the execution of instructions in the CPU. USB – Universal Serial Bus → Standard for connecting peripherals like flash drives, keyboards, and printers. PSU – Power Supply Unit → Converts electricity into usable power for computer components. UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply → Backup power source for computers. NIC – Network Interface Card → Allows a computer to connect to a network. MAC – Media Access Control Address → Unique ide...

Fundamentals of Computer 1. Introduction to Computers A computer is an electronic device that processes data to produce meaningful information. It operates using hardware and software components. Characteristics of Computers: Speed: Can perform millions of calculations per second. Automation: Works without human intervention once programmed. Accuracy: Provides precise results unless input errors occur. Storage: Stores large amounts of data. Versatility: Can perform multiple tasks simultaneously. Connectivity: Can communicate with other devices via the internet or networks. Basic Functions of a Computer (IPO Cycle): Input: Data is entered via input devices (keyboard, mouse). Processing: The CPU processes the input. Storage: Processed data can be stored for future use. Output: Results are displayed via output devices (monitor, printer). 2. Components of a Computer A computer consists of two main components: Hardware and Software . A. Hardware (Physical P...